Method of lining railroad-curves.



W. T D0BYNS. METHOD OF LIN-IN-G RAILROAD CURVES.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 23, 1912.

Patented Feb. 2,1915 I 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

' W. T. DOBYNS.

METHOD OF LINING RAILROAD CURVES.

APPLICATION FILED 1111123, 1912.

1,127,204, v Patented Feb. 2,1915.

finesse) a specification.

methods of WILLIAM 'll. nonirns. or Bnrsron Tennessee.

j memo!) orn'mnvs narrnoen-cunvns.

M Specification of Letters Patent.

. a lication filed m 23, i912. Serial in. 711,180.

memos.

To. aZZ'w/z am it may concern Be it known a. citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Bristol, in the county of Sullivan and State ofTennessee, have invented certain new and useful Improvements'in Methodsof Lining Railroad-Curves, of which the following is y invention relatesto new and improved Y laying railway tracks, and the ob provide a methodfor determinmgthe degree of curva-Q ing-centers to place a curve inproper ali'nement vwith the track,"this method being emlplpcyed 1nrelinmg curves on an g A further object of my invention is to re vide. amethod; of the above descrihedchan acter which} does not require anyunusual technical knowledge on the part of the nen that are relaying thetrack, a tape beih, .,,tl 1'e I only instrument employed, in locatingthe centers and the calculation necessary being of the simplestcharacter. I

With these and other objects in view, my invention will be more fullydescribed,'illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and thenspecifically pointed out in the claims which are attached to and formapart of this application,

In the drawings Figure 1 is a plan view, showing a portion of track, thecurve of which is to be relined, the first step inthe operation, namely,the marking ofi of unit tracks already I,

distances of thirty-one feet upon the outer rail, being here shown; Fig.2 is a similar View, showing the method of obtaining the average degreeof curvature, this being the second step in the operation;.Fig. 3 1s aplan view of the track, illustrating the running of the new curve, partsof the inner rail being omitted for the is a plan view, show ng the newcenter lme of the curveand also illustrating the manner by which thiscenter linemay be moved iii-bodily when it is found to lie outside ofwhereit should; Fig. 5 is a plan view, show ing the track lined in.

Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the followingdescription and indicated all views of the that I, WILLIAM T. Downs;

' original curve being portion of sake of c'learness; Fig. l I

reference characters.

, In order to insurea clear understanding or the method,I haveillustrated in the va- .ldOUS figures a curved section of track, the

best shown in Fig. ,1. the numeral 15 desig- In all of these figures,nates the outer rail'of, the track, while the designates the inner rail.

hod consists cessive steps or operations, the first ofwhich is thedividing or marking 0d of the curve the outer o of thirtyrone feet, thepoint being indicated in th numerals 1 to 'lQincl sive. In dividing ofithe curve in thismanner,

so marked off clu ed The next step consists in thedetermining of theaverage degree. of curvature of the points land 3 and the distancebetween the I point 2 and the central portion of the cord is measured,this eing continued for all points marked ofl.

The length in inches of the ordinate ineasured, when the curve isdivided into distances of thirty-one, feet, is equal to the degree ofcurvature in degrees and minutes. For instance, if the distance measuredbetween the point 2 and the .center of the cord is five and a-halfinches, then the curve is a five degree thirty minute curve. In this 1point marked manner, the curvature at each off is found and the averagecurvature of the entire curve is obtained by adding the length of theordinates I sum by the numberof ordinates measured.

The next step consists in the running of a trial curve with the averagedegree of'curvature so found. Two: stakes 'ornails l8 and 19' are. setmidway between the inner of a number of Sucrail intounit distances evarious views-by the i no part of the, easement at either end of thecurve is measured. and dividing the and 7 Patented Fish. 2, i935.

drawingsthe same i I psitmningof s as;

i K518 and the employed is substantially a third stakeor visionalflpoint statio increased'and a new of curvature but to lie for its aboutthe same distance,

In this me": 25- PH "move'station 19 in the curve as run 1n apprailsofithe track,

rveand in radial 'alinement. with ad aoints marked on on 3. A cord-is:now. stretched from-the emgga m arai from the stake 19'a1idthecord-swung' to the end of the ordinateso n 'as his determining the directionr 9"! the-nerd.

"For instance, if the average degree} of curvature is i degrees- -forty.-five minutes, thefordinate set off-is four and three quarter nail.20is driven or the v-cordjiwhen so positioned,being-ilocated-substantially opposite the di givingzt H e" oints in thecenter line of the new., curve 7 he cord isthen stretched from the;stake 1 and the ordinate measured from thejstake 20 and another stakedIiVBn'OPP'OSLtG thepoint 7 of the outer rail as-shown at 21.

the line/of the i or, points on curveare obtained opposite all thepoints of division -of-the outer rail until the easernent'is reaehedlThiscenter line of the new curve should fall about one foot, two inchesinside ofthe centerline of the tangent, as

shown at 22 ,in order that an rasement'may 1 the line is found to fallcor-j the track maybe then lined in, in a 'be 'ha'd. It r i 'ya mannerwh ich will be hereinafter described.

If however, it does not fall at about the right where it does fallpoint, the distance from to; the

med and then divided by the number of point where it should fall ismeaspoints s counting stake 19 as one, 20 as two='etc.,, The result thusobtained-will be the distance which it will be necessary to order tothrow the curve right hen it is to be run again. Of course {i 19 must hemoved -'nwardly or out ward y according to the direction in which it is/desired to throw the curve.

I t'may be necessary to move station 19 or station 18," or both, more toinsure the proper curve at both ends. If

' ears to be too fiat, the length of the ordinate usedis slightly curverun. f on the other hand, the curve is not'fiat enough, the length ofthe ordinateusedis slightly decreased and a new curve run in. f the beof the right degree entire length either outside or inside of where itshould, then the curve may be moved bodily in the desired direc- .tionby moving each center stake the full amount which it is desired to 'movethe curve: and then running a newcurve. This latter step is illustrated'in Fig. 4, in which the stations 18 and 19 are moved into the curve runin seems to near the middle of I the outer rail, the" (these stakesbeingxshown in average ordinate found inches. The length of the cordsixty-two feet and i at the 'end' work can readily this stake markedG'and with 18and 19 is claimed as new is:

than once in order position shown at 18 and"19'-;'- After thecurve;has,'been' correctly run in both directions fromfthe-center,

shownin fulllines in Fig; 5.

. *As will be apparent fromthe foregoing being" of the [most elementarysortfland so old curves, all measurements and computations required thetrackis lined in, ;in, the manner shown "in'Fig." .5, 'the center curveof thetrack as so lined in passing through he'pint's "18, 19, 20, etc.,;and the railsf be ng. properly gaged from this line, as

simple that any. foreman in charge of the without the assistance of anengineer or other technically trained man. p

"Having thus described the invention, what line out. the proper curvev1'. The method of determining the degree of railroad curves andforplacing centers to put railroad curves, in proper alinement whichconsists in dividing the vouter rail of the track into distances ofthirty-one feet, measuring the ordinate between each point so'la'id offand the chord between adjacent points on either side'- of the first,averaging the ordinates so obtained to get the average" degree of 1curvature, fixing points opposite central points'of curvature and in themiddle of the track, running chords from these points with the averagemiddle ordinate, from the center I to the center line of the tangent oforiginal curve and then changing oneor both of the center points larcurves to obtain a curve in which this distance is one-half the gage ofthe track.

2. The method of determining the degree of railroad curves and forplacing centers to put railroad curves in proper alinement, whichconsists in determining the curvature of the track at spaced intervals,averaging these curvatures to determine the average degree of curvature,fixing points in the middle of the track of the curve and spacedthirty-one feet from e-achother, running a substantially sixtyline, ofthe curve so obtained the ordinate as the measuring. the distance lotand runmng siml- I at the central portion two foot chord from one ofthese points, its

middle ordinate being measured from the other of said points and beingas many,-

inches asthe averagecurvatureis degrees, the free end of this chordlocatin a third point, running a second sub'stantia ly sixtytwo footchord from the second point to the average the average curvature from 0points as a middle ordinate, chord from the of the ordinate to .pointthus locatinge third oint,

this operation with the points, etc. to

rst

other point through the end a point as far beyond the 5. ordinate as theordinate is beyond the easement .of the curve and ter line .of the newcurve running a through the points so located.

In testimonty m presence 0 whereof I aifix my two witnesses.

signature the other WILLIAM T. DOBYNS. [L 5. repeating Witnesses andthird PAUL F. SALe,'

T. W. Sum

